GPS measurement and GPS Total Station

Global Positioning System, GPS, GPS-system, SGS, and GPS Total Station –are the systems of global positioning. They differ as satellite, space, navigating, radionavigating, avarege orbital, radionavigating, geodetic, navigtion-geodetic purpose, the technological complexes intended for positioning of objects. There is the first generation GPS, To the second, modern, generation systems GPS concern that, whose development were conducted in 70-90 years. This GPS it is completely developed in 1993 Allocate three subsystems (segments):

• control-segment - the network of which ground stations provides satellites in exact coordinates and other information;

• space-segment - consists of 24 space vehicles equipped by several nuclear cesium standards of frequency-time and constantly transferring to frequencies L1 and L2 signals for measurements pseudo distance code and phase methods, labels of time and other messages necessary for positioning

• user-segment - includes receivers of positioning with aerials, stores of results of measurements, other equipment and the software of data processing.